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Roman numeral converter

Convert a number into Roman numerals, or decode a Roman numeral back into a number. Works for 1 to 3999.

How Roman numerals work

Seven letters carry fixed values: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500, M = 1000. Symbols are written largest-first and added together, except for six subtractive pairs — IV (4), IX (9), XL (40), XC (90), CD (400) and CM (900) — where a smaller letter before a larger one is subtracted. Standard notation tops out at 3999 (MMMCMXCIX); larger numbers need an overline, which plain text can't show.

SymbolValue
I1
V5
X10
L50
C100
D500
M1000